What was a primary misconception held by the Russian duke regarding the Mongols?

The primary misconception held by the Russian duke regarding the Mongols was that they aimed to control Russian territory. This reflects the historical context in which the Mongols, particularly during the 13th and 14th centuries, had a significant impact on the political landscape of Russia. The Duke's belief may stem from the initial Mongol invasions and the establishment of the Mongol Empire, which included the subjugation of various Russian principalities.

In reality, while the Mongols did exert control over Russia through the Golden Horde, their primary focus was not solely the occupation of Russian lands, but rather the consolidation of a vast empire and the collection of tribute from various regions. They were more concerned with maintaining their empire and reaping benefits from tributary systems rather than direct administrative control over every aspect of Russian society. This distinction is crucial for understanding the complex relationship between the Russian states and the Mongol Empire, which involved elements of cooperation and resistance over time.

The other options misinterpret the Mongol objectives: although trade was significant to the Mongols, it wasn't their primary aim; exploration was not a central goal during their conquests; and alliances with European nations were not a key strategy, as their interactions were primarily focused on dominance and