What significant change occurred in Western Europe under Charlemagne's reign?

During Charlemagne's reign, a new model of civilization emerged characterized by the fusion of Roman, Christian, and Germanic elements. Under his leadership, the Carolingian Empire expanded significantly, which helped to revitalize trade, promote literacy, and strengthen religious and political unity in Western Europe. Charlemagne championed the revival of learning, known as the Carolingian Renaissance, which led to increased education and the preservation of classical texts. This period also saw the encouragement of arts and culture, as well as the establishment of a more centralized form of governance compared to the fragmented political landscape that had existed earlier. As Charlemagne sought to unite his diverse kingdom, he promoted Christianity, which further solidified the Church's influence and helped establish a common cultural identity among the peoples of Western Europe. This new model laid the groundwork for the development of medieval European civilization that would shape the continent for centuries to come.