What achievement is represented by Great Zimbabwe?

Great Zimbabwe is renowned for its sophisticated urban planning and impressive architectural achievements, which are evident in its large stone structures, including the famous Great Enclosure and the Hill Complex. These constructions exemplify the advanced skills in stone masonry and resource management that were utilized by its builders, demonstrating a level of organization and societal complexity that was significant for its time.

This achievement reflects the social, political, and economic dynamics of the society that inhabited Great Zimbabwe, indicating not only effective governance and leadership but also an ability to mobilize resources and labor for extensive construction projects. The layout of the city shows careful planning that catered to the needs of its inhabitants, further supporting the interpretation of Great Zimbabwe as a center of wealth and trade in southern Africa.

Other options, such as relying solely on walls for protection or being the first to use writing, do not accurately represent the historical significance of Great Zimbabwe. The absence of advanced technology is misleading, as the construction techniques displayed a level of ingenuity appropriate for the time period. Thus, the correct answer highlights the architectural and urban innovations of Great Zimbabwe, capturing its importance in the context of African history.